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Compact of Free Association
A Compact of Free Association (COFA) is a type of diplomatic relationship that an independent country has with the United States of America, as an associated country. Presently, there are three sovereign states that have this type of relationship with the United States. They are the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), and the Republic of Palau (ROP).
The three freely associated states were formerly part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, a United Nations trusteeship administered by the United States Navy from 1947 to 1951 and by the U.S. Department of the Interior from 1951 to 1986 (to 1994 for Palau). Under the COFA relationship, the United States provides guaranteed financial assistance over a 15-year period administered through the Office of Insular Affairs in exchange for full international defense authority and responsibilities.
==Economic provisions==
The freely associated states actively participate in all Office of Insular Affairs technical assistance activities. The U.S. treats these nations uniquely by giving them access to many U.S. domestic programs,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=USASpending.gov )〕 including disaster response and recovery and hazard mitigation programs under the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and services provided by the National Weather Service, the United States Postal Service, the Federal Aviation Administration, the Federal Communications Commission, and U.S. representation to the International Frequency Registration Board of the International Telecommunication Union. The Compact area, while outside the customs area of the United States, is mainly importable duty-free.
Most citizens of the associated states may live and work in the United States, and most U.S. citizens and their spouses may live and work in the associated states.〔Federated States of Micronesia COFA, Section 141.〕 In 1996, the U.S. Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act included removing Medicaid benefits for resident foreigners from these states. (Most other resident aliens have a five-year waiting period.)〔(House Health Bill Would Help Pacific Island Migrants )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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